Slovo úvodem

Mgr. Martin Mátl

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 203  

New possibilities in treating bacterial vaginosis and vaginal discomfort

Pavel Turčan

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 208-211  

Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common of vaginal infections in women of childbearing age. It is characterised by an overgrowth of predominantly anaerobic organisms in the vagina leading to a replacement of lactobacilli and an increase in vaginal pH. Current treatment of bacterial vaginosis consists in metronidazole, preferably by oral route, or in a topical cream of clindamycin. However, these treatments do not automatically restore a normal flora characterised by a high concentration of lactobacilli, which facilitates relapses and recurrences. Femibion® Intima, a new medication, which contains of specific prebiotics and red clover...

Intestinal microflora, mucosal barrier and probiotics in some internal diseases

Jan Lata, Jana Juránková

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 212-217  

The Health Organization probiotics definition is live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. This review addresses the concept of intestinal microflora and their function and evidence regarding the possible uses of probiotics in gastroenterology (diarrhoe, idiopatic bowel diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection, acute pancreatitis a prevention of colorectal cancer) and hepatology (hepatic encephalopathy, effect on bacterial intestinal translocation and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis).

Pharmaceutical care in warfarinized patients in the pharmacy

Hana Prudká

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 218-221  

Medications with anticoagulant effects reduce blood clotting and, in a number of patients, are particularly used to treat cardiovascular disease. Among oral anticoagulants, warfarin (Warfarin Orion 3 and 5 mg tablets and Lawarin 2 and 5 mg tablets) has been the only registered agent in the Czech Republic until this year. Individuals taking warfarin are considered to be “at-risk patients” in the pharmaceutical practice. The role of the pharmacist when dispensing warfarin consists not only in dispensing the medication itself but, in particular, in alerting the patient to numerous and often very serious interactions of warfarin with...

Corticosteroids and immunosuppression in chronic treatment

Kamil Rudolf, Josef Malý

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 228-231  

Proper functioning of the immune system is necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis of the organism. In the medical context, however, there are situations in which self-defense may be unwanted in its consequences. By suppressing immunity we stabilize the course of several diseases of autoimmune or chronic inflammatory origin, thereby preventing rejection of transplanted organs and tissues (bone marrow, kidneys, liver and heart). The disadvantage of immunosuppression is its long term course and non-selective effects; the organism is not able to resist to infection agents for a long time, with resulting an early failure of antitumor surveillance....

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 10 - lidocaine and lidocaine hydrochloride

Zbyněk Sklenář, Kateřina Horáčková

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 232-235  

The article presents the lidocaine base and its hydrochloride salt as a well-known and long term used local anesthetic agent, shows the differences in their properties and uses, thus the occurrence of various dosage forms. The article presents the possibilities of preparation of dosage forms containing lidocaine/lidocaine hydrochloride, because both substances are relatively newly available for magistral preparations in pharmacies. Examples of formulas suitable for extemporaneous preparations containing lidocaine such as lidocaine emulgel and polyethylenglycol ointment are also presented.

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 11 - domperidone

Zbyněk Sklenář, Kateřina Horáčková

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 236-238  

Domperidone is an effective substance used in adults and children, in the Czech Republic available in commercial products as 10-mg oral tablets only. To apply different doses or different dosage forms, a special import from abroad is possible or extemporaneous preparation may be offered. In pediatric practice, rectal suppositories or oral dosage forms are required; in adults, rectal suppositories with a higher amount of active substance are used. Since mid-July 2011, domperidone has been available as a pharmaceutical substance for the extemporaneous preparation in pharmacies and the preparation of such formulations and such dosages required...

Blister in pharmacy and veterinary medicine

Pavel Brauner, Jozef Kolář

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 239-241  

The paper elucidates the term blister as used in pharmacy and veterinary medicine and presents examples from both branches. While in pharmacy the term blister refers to the primary package of a medicinal product, in veterinary medicine it refers to the so-called blistering ointment. The paper illustrates different usage of the term by pharmacists and veterinary physicians.

Metabolic syndrome

Zdeněk Wilhelm

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 223-226  

Metabolic syndrome refers to the condition of central overweight and dyslipidaemia (characterized by increased triacylglycerol concentrations and reduced HDL cholesterol concentrations). Concurrently, an increased concentration of fasting glucose occurs. This syndrome is associated with an increased occurrence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus as well as with a generally increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition to pharmacological treatment, the treatment for metabolic syndrome involves lifestyle modifications, an increase in physical exercise and a more optimal food intake in terms of both quantity and quality.

Mineral water in nutrition and therapy

Miloš Potužák

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 242-244  

Mineral water springs attracts its unusual taste, smell, temperature and sometimes the attention of man since time immemorial. They formed the basis medical spas throughout Europe. The current offering of spring (desktop) and mineral water for therapeutic use is quite broad, large extent, however, manufacturers are subject to the requirements of consumers, resulting in various modifications of the composition, taste, color and content of carbon dioxide. It Includes domestic products and water from abroad.

Autodidaktický test 5/2011

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(5): 245-246