Pozitivní emoce a zdraví

MUDr. Karel Nešpor, CSc.

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 43  

Pitfalls opioids in clinical practice

Jana Gregorová, Petra Holečková

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 47-49 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.012  

Opioids belong to the treatment of acute and chronic pain. The basic strategy in the selection of appropriate medications and combinations of the analgetics is determined by standards, WHO analgetic ladder. We can see some problems in clinical practice associated above all with combinations of opioids and with evaluation of clinically significant drug interactions.

Optimising treatment in Alzheimer’s disease

Vanda Franková

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 50-53  

The first step in Alzheimer’s disease treatment is an accurate diagnosis and recognition of all symptoms of the disorder. Management should start as soon as possible, optimally in the initial stage of the disease. The approach has to be complex, person-centred and conclude not only the patient but also his family/caregivers. Careful assessment for any comorbidities, their treatment and programming meaningful activities is necessary. Management of problem behaviors begins with a careful search for triggers and causative factors, where possible should be non-pharmacological. Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine are recommended for Alzheimer’s...

Chronic venous disease - detective story for doctors, patients and pharmacists

Júlia Černohorská

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 54-57 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.014  

Chronic venous disease (CVD) is among civilization diseases. The pathophysiology is mainly venous inflammation, which causes damage and valve regurgitation, giving rise to morphological and functional changes in the veins and venous reflux development, which leads to increasing venous hypertension. CVD is a set of different clinical manifestations, the patient turns both to physicians and to pharmacists. Due to the progressive character of it is reasonable to start with adequate treatment as soon as possible. The treatments include compression stockings or elastic bandages, lifestyle changes, use of drugs and application of local treatment....

Green foods - myths and facts

Margit Slimáková

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 66-70 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.017  

Green foods include algae, bacteria, and grass with a high content of micronutrients and proteins. In the media and promotional messages, green foods are classified as superfoods and recommended for the prevention and treatment of numerous health problems, including the most serious ones. However, the term green foods or superfoods is not clearly defined in the literature. There is a sufficient number of studies which examine various partial effects of green foods. Yet, they are predominantly laboratory experiments the conclusions of which have not been properly validated in extensive clinical studies on human subjects. This undesirable situation...

The oral cavity as an application site for drugs administration

Jan Gajdziok, David Vetchý

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 63-65 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.016  

This article aims to provide a brief, but comprehensive overview about the oral cavity as a perspective region for the application of dosage forms and thus the administration of drugs into the body. The main advantages of this application route are: the easy accessibility and low enzymatic activity; rich blood supply of the area; circumventing the first pass effect; avoidance of presystemic elimination within the digestive tract and the possibility of local as well as systemic effect of the drug. The article is first in the series, and is aimed to clarify the basic anatomical and physiological conditions in the oral cavity and thereby discuss...

Inflammatory periodontopathies

Julia Morozova

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 58-61 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.015  

Periodont is the complex of structures and tissues that are surrounding the tooth. It includes gingiva, root cement, periodontal space with periodontal ligaments and alveolus bone. The main functions of periodont is tooth fixation in alveolus, masticatory strength reduction, protection against external factors as well as separation of oral cavity environment from tooth root. Different factors (infection, trauma, general diseases, medicines) can lead to damage of periodont structure and functions which are generally named periodontopathies. The most frequent periodontopathies are inflammatory diseases – gingivitis and marginal periodontitis....

Za Václavem Ruskem (25. 2. 1928 – 30. 1. 2016)

Pavel Grodza

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 81  

Allergy – what to recommend in the pharmacy

Jana Martinásková

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 71-76 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.068  

The article deals with pharmaceutical care of patients with allergy, is oriented on the possibilities in the choice of OTC drugsfor symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis. Mentioned is the importace of an early start of disease treatment as soon as theallergic symptoms begin. There are also noted the difficulties of self-medication or overuse of OTC products and mentioned therole of the pharmacist, who should eliminate the risk of improper use of medicine by the professional advice. A more detaileddescription is dedicated to the OTC antihistamines, nasal steroids and sympathomimetics for nasal and ocular application. Listedare also some examples...

N-acetylcysteine in current clinical praxis

Jiří Slíva

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 77-80  

N-acetylcysteine belongs to commonly used drugs from expectorants. Its mechanism of action is not based on the modifiedmucus formation and/or its structure in airways only, however, it possesses also antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties.These activities are discussed here in the context of its current therapeutic use with a special focus on paediatric population.

Autodidaktický test 2/16

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(2): 82-83