Hovory o zdraví aneb Naslouchejme pacientům

PhDr. Lucie Klůzová Kráčmarová

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 159  

Macrolides, their drug-drug interactions and solutions

Michal Prokeš, Ondřej Suchopár, Josef Suchopár

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 163-169 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.040  

Macrolide antibiotics are the most widely prescribed antibiotics. Athough they are well tolerated, some macrolides can provoke drug interations by several mechanisms. Clarithromycin and roxithromycin are inhibitors of CYP3A4 and by this mechanism they increase plasma levels of substrates of CYP3A4. This can harm patients using simvastatin, atorvastatin, verapamil, diltiazem and other drugs. Clarithromycin also inhibits P-glycoprotein, which increase plasma levels of digoxin, trazodon, sildenafil, omeprazol and glibenclamid. Clarithromycin and azithromycin prolong QT interval and can cause arrhythmia torsade de pointes, which can be potentiated...

Lipertance - a novel agent in comprehensive prevention of cardiovascular events

Filip Málek

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 170-172  

A high proportion of patients with arterial hypertension have not only high blood pressure, but also impaired lipid metabolism. Hypertension and dyslipidaemia are frequent; therefore, timely and simultaneous intervention on the two significant risk factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events is necessary. A fixed triple combination of two antihypertensive drugs with statin is a modern approach in comprehensive prevention of cardiovascular events.

Influence of myo-inositol on the development and functions of spermatozoa

Pavel Trávník

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 173-174 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.042  

The benefit of myo-inositol in the reproductive medicine has been described in many studies. Besides the application to the women it has been prooved in the support of the spermatogenesis and the sperm functions.

Safe and effective antihypertensive therapy in obesity

Iva Prokopová

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 176-181 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.043  

Prevalence of arterial hypertension, which is in most cases resistant to standard therapy, is on the increase due to the obesity epidemic. Obesity is one of the main causes of hypertension, disrupting the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy. Obesity-related hypertension is triggered by an increase of sympathomimetic activity, an impaired renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia. These pathophysiological alterations determine the appropriate choice of antihypertensive agents used. According to pharmacokinetic changes in obese patients, higher doses of antihypertensives are now required. The preferred agents...

Herbal drugs with depressant effects on the central nervous system

Marie Kašparová

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 182-185 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.044  

The article gives information about the effects and possibilities of the use of selected herbal sedatives and hypnotics.

Infant formulas - current recommendations

Eva Karásková

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 186-189 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.045  

Breastfeeding is an optimal infant nutrition. In case, when the breast-feeding is impossible, it is necessary to use the infant formulas. The article gives an overview of the formulas available in Czech Republic, as for healthy children as for children with gastroesophageal reflux, Cow´s-Milk Protein Allergy or for immature newborns and infants with failure to thrive.

Upper airway acute inflammatory diseases

Martin Formánek, Debora Jančatová, Olga Svobodová, Karol Zeleník

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 190-192 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.046  

Upper airway acute inflammatory diseases are summarized. Authors focus on treatment options for uncomplicated infectious inflammatory diseases.

Over-the-counter immunostimulants

Markéta Peřinová

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 194-197 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.047  

This article deals with over-the-counter immunostimulants used for prevention of respiratory diseases. The most used immunostimulants are products containing echinacea, oyster mushroom and beta-glucans. Importance of an ascorbic acid and probiotics in the prevention of respiratory infection is often discussed question. Current market offers only few immunostimulant drugs and a lot of immunostimulant food supplements. The role of a pharmacist is to select an appropriate product with special regard to pregnant and breast-feeding women.

Acute rhinosinusitis

Rami Katra

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 198-200 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.048  

Rhinitis respectively acute rhinosinusitis is the most common type of inflammation of the upper airways, which manifests mainly by swelling of nasal mucosa and secretions from the nose. Rhinosinusitis is primarily located in the nasal cavity, but also affects the sinuses, because the mucous membranes of the nasal passages flows into the paranasal sinuses. Rhinosinusitis significantly reduces quality of life.

Hemorrhoids - as recommended in the pharmacy?

Ondřej Šimandl

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 201-209 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.049  

Hemorrhoidal disease currently belongs among the so-called Civilization diseases. It is reported that problems associated with this disease experience at least once in their lifetime, more than half of the population in industrialized countries. Especially in the beginning of the hassles associated with hemoroidálním disease patients often elect before seeing a doctor, self-medication products purchased at a pharmacy. The article therefore aims to acquaint readers with the possibilities of non-invasive (pharmacologic) treatment of hemorrhoidal disease and alleviating the symptoms accompanying it, such as bleeding, pain or pruritus. Soon also...

Geriatric patient with hyponatremia - drug-related risk?

Kateřina Ládová, Milena Ivanova

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 210-212 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2016.050  

Hyponatremia is relatively common health problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Symptoms and consequences of hyponatremia may be even more serious in geriatric patients. Differential diagnosis of hyponatremia, including identification of its causes, is extremely important for proper adjustment of therapy. There are many factors which may contribute to hyponatremia and may be variously combined. They also include use of drugs. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate selected drugs that could potentially influence decreased serum sodium in the geriatric patient case report. Knowledge of these drugs may contribute to minimizing...

Autodidaktický test 5/16

Prakt. lékáren. 2016; 12(5): 213-214