Spolek pražských farmaceutů

PharmDr. Martina Lisá, Ph.D., MBA

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 3  

Biosimilars – therapeutic value, regulation, the role of pharmacists

Petr Horák

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 8-11 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2019.002  

The biologic drugs are naturally more complex than drugs of chemical origin. Their efficacy, quality and safety are influenced by their primary, secondary and tertiary structure, post-translational changes, biologic, immuno-chemical and physico-chemical characteristics. Due to this complexity, it is impossible to develop an exact copy of original drug with expired patent. Therefore, a biosimilarity concept was developed, with the comparability exercise and extrapolation of indications, using previously known approaches applied i.a. after the change of manufacturing process of the original biologic products. There are two levels of regulation of biosimilars...

Pharmacotherapy of the symptoms of chronic venous disease

Jana Hirmerová

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 12-18  

The main pathogenetic mechanisms of chronic venous disease are increased venous pressure and impaired venous outflow. Objective signs of the disorder include varices, oedema, skin changes and, in the most advanced stage, leg ulcer. Subjective symptoms are represented by various complaints about discomfort in the legs, typically worsening after long standing or sitting, in hot weather or in the evening. The treatment should be complex and consists of regime measures and physiotherapy, compression therapy, surgical and endovascular methods, and pharmacotherapy. In this indication, medicinal products from a heterogeneous group of venoactive drugs are...

Drug-drug interactions of warfarin and new direct oral anticoagulans

Michal Prokeš, Josef Suchopár

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 21-29  

Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants annually saves lives of many patients. These patients oftentake medicines that change the effect of anticoagulants. This article attempts to present in a synopical way information about suchinteractions that physicians prescribe. Although warfarin has more interactions than DOAC, some DOAC interactions are equallydangerous and, unlike warfarin, the effect of DOAC cannot be easily monitored. This may be a problem because there are patients inwhom the drug interaction is more intense than in average patients, for example when dabigatran is combined with clarithromycin.

Lower respiratory tract infections and their complications

Václava Bártů

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 30-34  

Respiratory tract infections are among the most common reasons for seeking care from general practitioners and paediatricians. They are usually of viral aetiology, but secondary bacterial infections are also frequent. In the case of recurrent infections, it is vital to determine the cause that leads to repeated episodes of inflammation. Associated conditions, including diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver disease, kidney disease, tumour disease, and immunosuppressive treatment for various other conditions, represent a major risk factor that may seriously complicate respiratory tract disease to the...

Vitamin D and its supplementation in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Klára Maratová, Ondřej Hradský, Ondřej Souček, Zdeněk Šumník

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 35-38  

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease affecting primarily intestinal mucosa. Repeated flare-ups of disease activitycan gradually lead to the destruction of intestinal mucosa. Vitamin D and calcium deficiency are one of the complications associatedwith the disease. This is a summary of the current views on vitamin D supplementation in children with IBD.

Symptomatic treatment of influenza and its limitations caused by age, flu-related risks in geriatric patients

Ondřej Výška, Matúš Mihalčin, Hana Matějovská Kubešová

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 39-42  

Influenza is a highly contagious infectious disease with a seasonal prevalence. Senescence is accompanied by involutional changesin the organism, which can result in a changed symptomatology of infectious diseases. These changes in the body's response needto be taken into account both during diagnosis and therapy to avoid delayed or misdiagnosis, which could have fatal consequences.

Efficacy of topical nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs

David Vetchý

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 43-44 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2019.008  

Drugs from topical formulations should be able to penetrate into the skin and target areas in sufficient amounts to achieve a therapeutic effect. Factors influencing the ability of the topical drug to penetrate optimally into the skin and subcutaneous layers include the drug molecule size, its solubility in aqueous and lipophilic media, protein binding, acidity, the presence of the permeation enhancer in the topical formulation, and the type of medical form and its application. By analyzing randomized, blinded clinical studies, it was found that the best clinical effect was obtained after diclofenac administration in the form of emulgel. Diclofenac...

Non-serious digestive disorders and self-medication option

Hana Kotolová

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 46-53 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2019.009  

The management of gastrointestinal disorders is a frequent cause of attending a physician or pharmacist. Despite reasons canbe different, in many cases self-treatment can be effective. At present we have a vast spectrum of medicines in free purchase. Itis also possible to prescribe registered phytopharmacological drugs in the form of supositoria, pills and drops.

Test 1/19

Prakt. lékáren. 2019; 15(1): 54-55