Praktické lékárenství, 2011, issue 3

Editorial

Slovo úvodem

prof. RNDr. PhMr. Jan Solich, CSc.

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 99

Current pharmacotherapy

Travel medicine: infections during travel

MUDr.Michaela Fraňková

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 108-110

Travel medicine is a new speciality concerned with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases that occur in association with travel. The aim is to protect travellers from disease and injury. Injuries account for up to 60 % of health complications in travellers followed by infectious diseases and psychosocial problems. The most common infectious complications include traveller’s diarrhoea, malaria, acute respiratory infections, viral hepatitis A, dengue fever, viral hepatitis B and gonorrhoea. Each traveller should contact a specialized vaccination and travel medicine centre at least two months in advance and obtain information...

Contribution to questions of pharmacological treatment in the elderly

MUDr.David Suchý, Ph.D., MUDr.Milan Hromádka, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 111-114

Pharmacotherapy in the elderly is complicated by multifactorial issues, including age-related physiologic changes, the presence of multiple chronic disease states, functional changes in mental and physical abilities, and decrease of patienťs ability to comply with recommended therapy. Adverse drug reactions and interactions are more common than in the general l population. Geriatric clinical syndromes can be induced or exacerbated by prescribed and OTC pharmaceuticals. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes may alter response to a given medication resulting in increased risc of adverse reactions. Pharmacotherapy in elderly requires specific...

Diarrhoeal diseases and their treatment

MUDr.Helena Ambrožová, PhD.

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 116-120

In the Czech Republic, diarrhoeal diseases are among the most common infectious diseases and their aetiology may be bacterial, viral, parasitic or mycotic. The most frequent bacterial pathogens currently include campylobacters and salmonellas and there is an increasing rate of viral diarrhoea, particularly that caused by rotavirus and norovirus. The treatment of diarrhoeal diseases primarily involves rehydration; also essential is a low-fat diet. Symptomatic treatment may include, depending on the causative agent, adsorbents, probiotics, antimotility drugs and/or bowel disinfectants. Antibiotic treatment is necessary only in approximately 10...

Medicamenta nova

Iloperidone

MUDr.Sylva Racková, Ph.D., MUDr.Luboš Janů, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 103-105

Iloperidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug of a group referred to as SDAs (serotonin/dopamine receptor antagonists). This antipsychotic was approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia in the United States in 2009; it is still not available in the Czech Republic. Iloperidone is as effective as haloperidol in the treatment of schizophrenia. It has a low rate of extrapyramidal and metabolic adverse effects. Common adverse effects mainly include orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, and a dose-dependent QTc interval prolongation early in the treatment. The efficacy and tolerance of iloperidone were evaluated in relation to genetic markers....

Pharmaceutical technology

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 9 - fluocinolone acetonide

PharmDr.Zbyněk Sklenář, Ph.D., Mgr.Kateřina Horáčková

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 121-125

The range of corticosteroids available for the extemporaneous preparation in pharmacies has expanded because fluocinolone acetonide, a double-fluorinated corticosteroid, has been available as a pharmaceutical substance since mid-December 2010. The article provides information on the properties and use of this substance and shows the options of incorporation into topical semi-solid and liquid pharmaceutical preparations. Also presented are examples of formulas suitable for magistral preparations, thus it will no longer be necessary to mix proprietary medicinal products containing fluocinolone acetonide in extemporaneous preparations.

For pharmaceutical assistants

Over-the-counter antifungal medications

Mgr.Tereza Hendrychová, Mgr.Josef Malý

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 132-137

The article presents a brief overview of mycotic diseases of the skin and mucosa and of over-the-counter antifungal medications that can be used in the treatment. Products containing azole antifungal drugs, terbinafine, nystatin and nonspecific antifungal drugs are included. The article also deals with general recommendations for prevention and treatment of superficial mycoses and the main principles of self-treatment for these diseases. The issue of administering local antimycotic drugs during pregnancy and lactation is also addressed. The overview of over-the-counter antifungal drugs is supplemented with tables.

Options of self-medication in patients with dyspepsia, digestive disorders and heartburn in chemist's

Mgr.Josef Malý, MUDr.PharmDr.Kamil Rudolf, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 138-143

The aim of a paper is presented an overview about pathophysiology and symptoms of dyspepsia, digestive disorders and heartburn supplemented about useful advices concerning non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment in concordance with recent trends in self-medication. The pharmacist and pharmaceutical assistant play very important role in the process of self-medication and they may significantly influence the outcome and risks of self-medication.

Haemorrhoidal disease treatment

PharmDr.Lucie Khýnová

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 144-147

Haemorrhoidal disease is a common social disease and a half of the population usually suffers from haemorrhoidal problems during their life. The reasons of development of discussed disease are not known in detail. Probably there is a hereditary and familial influence. Factors, which may play a role in development of haemorrhoidal disease, are incorrect bowel movement habits, poor physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and bad regimen (low fluid intake, fibre deficit). There is given a special attention to pharmacological treatment of haemorrhoidal disease, regimen modifications, symptoms and complications which can occur.

Information

Zpráva z kongresu EAHP

PharmDr. Marie Skálová

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 147

12. beskydský slet lékárníků - tentokrát ve znamení kardiologie

PharmDr. Pavel Grodza

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 148

Veterinary pharmacy

Important ectoparasites in dog and cat

Mgr.MVC.Kateřina Horáčková

Prakt. lékáren. 2011; 7(3): 128-131

Parasitic diseases of dogs and cats are very important in veterinary medicine and are related to human health, because some of them have zoonotic potential, therefore contagious for human being. Some parasites are currently vectors of viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases, that could be dangerous for human being again. The purpose of this article is to present a review about ectoparasites most common in dogs and cats in our country and possibilities of parasitic diseases therapy and precaution.