Jubilejní rok 2012

PharmDr. Tünde Ambrus, Ph.D., doc. RNDr. Jozef Kolář, CSc.

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 3  

Use of products with 40% urea in onychomycosis treatment

Magdalena Skořepová

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 12-14  

Chemical nail avulsion using 40% urea ointment is an additional method in the treatment of onychomycosis. It allows painless removal of the affected nail plate and enhances the effectivity of topical and systemic antifungal therapy. It is suitable and safe for children, pregnant women and elderly patients.

Treatment of obesity in patients with diabetes mellitus: part one

Marcela Szabó

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 15-17  

Overweight and obesity have recently been considered to be the most common metabolic disease whose prevalence and incidence have acquired the character of a global epidemic in recent years. Obesity is a pathological accumulation of adipose tissue in the body (≥ 25 % and ≥ 32 % of total body mass in males and females, respectively) that is associated with weight gain. Fat as the body's most variable component can be affected by nutrition and physical activity. Obesity is an independent risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, certain types of tumours, locomotor disease, depressions and numerous...

News in the treatment of HIV

Marcela Krečmerová

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 18-21  

Thirty years after identification of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) as a new clinical syndrome with uncertain prospects of the treatment, the current pharmaceutical industry offers 31 single or combined medicinal drugs with different mechanisms of action. Development of the new anti-HIV compounds is still being continued, with respect to the ability of the virus to make resistance towards the current treatment and significant side effects of antiretrovirals. Since 1996, the standard therapy is HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) or more recently, cART (combination antiretroviral therapy). Intensive investigation is also...

Functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants

Pavel Frühauf

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 22-24  

Infant functional gastrointestinal disorders include a variable combination chronic or recurrent symptoms not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. Functional symptoms during childhood are accompaniments to normal development (infant regurgitation, colics), or they may arise from maladaptive behavioral responses to internal or external stimuli (in functional constipation, retention of feces is a learned response to painful defecation, cow milk allergy).

Roflumilast (Daxas) - new treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Vladimír Vondra

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 7-10  

Roflumilast is the new anti-inflammatory drug which acts through the selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase4 (PDE4). This inhibition increases intracellular cyclic adenosinmonophosphate (CAMP) which protects airway cells against inflammation and remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There are described experimental studies and long-term clinical studies comparing Roflumilast/placebo or Roflumilast plus salmeterol or thiotropium lasting 24–52 weeks. COPD subjects moderate to severe degree, bronchitis phenotype with exacerbation in history, age more than 40 years were included in studies. Roflumilast was significantly...

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 12 - propranolol hydrochloride

Zbyněk Sklenář, Kateřina Horáčková

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 25-27  

Propranolol hydrochloride, sympatholytic non-selective beta blocker, is a terapeutic agent for the succesful treatment of infantile hemangiomas. There is no commercially available any registered drug which contains propranolol-hydrochloride in Czech Republic. Abroad there are a registered medicinal products intended only for adult patients with the fixed dose. Since June 2011 propranolol hydrochloride has been available as a pharmaceutical substance for the extemporaneous preparation in pharmacies, thus simply preparation of pediatric dosage form is possible.

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 13 - sotalol hydrochloride

Zbyněk Sklenář, Kateřina Horáčková

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 28-30  

In some cases in pediatric practice it is impossible to use a registered commercial product because of dosage unavailability for children. Sotalol-hydrochloride, used in therapy for arrhythmia, is available as a substance for extemporaneous preparation in pharmacies, thus it is possible to create a formulation suitable for children and individual doses for them. The paper provides information on the properties and use of sotalol-hydrochloride and presents examples of formulas suitable for use in pediatric practice.

Symptomatic treatment of influenza

Jiří Slíva

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 34-37  

Influenza is an acute viral disease, posing a particular risk for the elderly and for multimorbid patients; nevertheless, it does affect all age groups. Despite available vaccination, however, epidemic or, less frequently, pandemic incidence of influenza is encountered due to a constantly changing causative viral agent. A wider use of antiviral drugs (oseltamivir, zanamivir or amantadine) continues to have limitations; therefore, symptomatic treatment still plays a dominant role.

Stimulant laxatives in the chronic constipation treatment

Jiří Slíva

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 38-39  

Laxatives are commonly used drugs, mostly available as over-the-counter preparations. However, the association between use of so called contact laxatives and their detrimental effect on myenteral plexus is relatively frequently mentioned. Thus, this article deals their safety in common clinical praxis considering so far published relevant data.

Barriers to and options for further development of consultant pharmacy practice in the Czech Republic

Josef Malý, Tereza Opavová, Jiří Vlček

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 31-33  

In the context of modern trends in pharmaceutical care, consultant pharmacy practice represents one of the activities that should be an integral part of pharmacy care provided in Czech pharmacies. That is for several reasons. Medication problems are a burden to the health of patients while increasing health care costs, though in a number of cases these risks and costs could be minimized. It has also become apparent that, when dispensing drugs, it is not possible to fully use one’s professional knowledge as well as to provide enough privacy and thus maximize the individual approach to the patient. The paper presents the results uncovering...

Střípky ze XIII. sympozia klinické farmacie René Macha

Josef Malý, Helena Marešová, Eliška Dvořáčková1

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 44-45  

Historický kalendář na rok 2012

RNDr. Pavel Drábek

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 42-43  

Střevní chřipka aneb Jak si pomoci při průjmu

Jakub Chudý

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 41  

Autodidaktický test 1/2012

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(1): 46-47