Postgraduální vzdělávání farmaceutů - v(d)ěčné téma?

PharmDr. Petr Horák

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 103  

Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer disease

Roman Jirák

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 107-108  

Exact cause of Alzheimer disease is not yet known, there are known only separate pathogenetic links and some of their connections. This knowledge results in the current therapy. Current therapeutic approaches are only symptomatic and disease – modifying, not causal. Only use of brain cholinesterases inhibitors and mild NMDA glutamatergic receptor blocker memantine is evidence-based.

Cranberry and probiotics - prevention and adjuvant therapy of recurrent urinary tract infections

Marta Nováčková, Roman Chmel

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 110-112  

Cranberry and probiotics – prevention and adjuvant therapy of recurrent urinary tract infections. Review article on current knowledges of alternative treatment methods – using of cranberry extract and probiotics – in the lower urinary tract infection therapy and prevention. Regular using of cranberry products during 6–12 month reduces the number of recurences of lower urinary tract infections in young and middle-aged women. Promising results are described in probiotics used for prevention and treatment of vaginal infections, especially bacterial vaginosis. Further research and larger studies evaluating the effect of...

Vulvovaginitides - inflammations of the vulva and vagina

Zuzana Dostálová, Romana Gerychová

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 113-116  

Vulvovaginitis, an inflammation of the vulva and vagina, is one of the most common diseases in sexually active women and is part of a gynaecologist’s everyday practice. Typical symptoms of vulvovaginitides include vulvovaginal discomfort, i.e. discharge, vulvar itching and burning, and dyspareunia. Vulvovaginitis occurs when the balance of the vaginal ecosystem is disturbed. Successful treatment must be based on correct diagnosis and adequate treatment. Not uncommonly, chronic and recurrent vulvar and vaginal infections remain a challenging problem. Thus, strict adherence to hygiene and lifestyle measures is essential. Furthermore, products...

Specifics of pharmacotherapy in neonates

Petra Thomson

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 118-122  

The first month of life is a phase of rapid growth and development, making the understanding of pharmacokinetics in neonates a unique challenge. Extrapolating adult medicine dose to neonates is rarely possible in practice. This article outlines basic pharmacokinetic principles in newborns, its impact on pharmacotherapeutical management and some common reasons for admission of neonates to neonatal intensive care units. These specific pharmaceutical issues present great scope for pharmacists to contribute to the safe and effective treatment of neonates.

Blood pressure regulation, importance of blood pressure measurement

Kamil Rudolf

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 123-125  

In the context of human physiology, blood pressure and its regulation represent a unique tightly collaborating complex of several systems (1). We distinguish systems of the immediate, middle-term and long-term regulation. Regulation systems of the higher order are responsible for longer term blood pressure oscillations (2). Individual systems of regulation are mutually coordinated via vegetative nervous system. Vegetative nervous system along with genetic factors, neuroendocrine effectors and dysfunction of vascular endothelia are basic etiological factors of systemic arterial hypertension. Diagnostics of arterial hypertension begins with the...

Blood pressure measurement in pharmacies in the Czech Republic - analysis of the pilot study

Josef Malý, Martin Doseděl

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 126-129  

High prevalence of arterial hypertension performs severe health problem in developed countries and in many patients hypertension is not early detected and started an adequate treatment. Poor treatment compensation of diseases related to hypertension is in many cases associated with a high degree of non-adherence to therapy. Experience show progress in this situation by force of pharmacy counselling services and screening focused on patients with hypertension. This paper presents current state of blood pressure measurement in a sample of Czech pharmacies and authors discuss potential development and limits of this professional activity in pharmacies....

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription, part 18 - Gentamicin sulfate

Jan Hašek

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 130-133  

The aminoglycoside gentamicin is a reserve antibiotic. Local use of gentamicin is reserved for cases in which a therapeutic alternative is lacking. It should only be used in the short term in individual cases and provided that sensitivity of the infective agent has been confirmed. Thus, the purpose of the present article is not to add new formulas to its prescription, but, by modifying the current formulas, to contribute to rational therapy with antimicrobial drugs in pharmaceutical terms. The aim of the article is to introduce the reader to specific technological features of gentamicin sulfate in terms of an accurately weighed portion of the...

Patient with allergic symptoms in pharmacy - options of self-medication

Kateřina Ládová, Josef Malý

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 134-140  

The paper is focused on allergic symptoms located in nose and eye mucosa and skin. The problem of this paper is possibilities of the active role of pharmacist or pharmaceutical assistant in management of health disorders associated with allergic diseases within dispensation or counselling. Attention is also paid to anaphylaxis.

Magnesium dietary supplements, leg cramps, facts and myths

Pavel Grodza

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 141-142  

Magnesium plays an important role in numerous biochemical processes. Cramps, particularly in the lower limbs, are a common complaint of patients in the pharmacy. Up to 60 % of the population has magnesium deficiency. Therefore, administration of oral agents is almost invariably well-justified. Caution is warranted only in patients with AV block and those on dialysis.

Diet and arterial hypertension

Jiří Bednář, Vilma Vranová

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 143-145  

The content of sodium in so-called „fast food” meals The article deals with the content of sodium in so-called „fast food“ meals, both in ready-made meals sold in supermarket fast-food stands or kiosks and in various products of well-known brands such as Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC), McDonalds and the Crocodille. It gives you a quick overview of the content of sodium in different types of these meals using the „Guideline Daily Amounts“ value (the Recommended Daily Amount), commonly abbreviated as GDA. In our material we state the amount of sodium per one product serving helping patients to make their choice...

Autodidaktický test 3/2012

Prakt. lékáren. 2012; 8(3): 146-147