Statin myopathy

Josef Bednařík, Eva Vlčková, Tomáš Horák

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e)  

Statins are competitive inhibitors of enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) lowering cholesterol and low-density lipoproteinlevels. Due to their effectiveness they became the most frequently used group of drugs worldwide taken by more than 100 millions of patients. Statinmyopathy is the most frequent and serious adverse event of statin use. Its clinical spectrum is very broad fluctuating from asymptomatic hyper-CK-aemia,myalgia, crampi, muscle weakness to most serious rhabdomyolysis with 10 % mortality. Randomized controlled and cohort studies report statinmyopathy incidence of 1–5 % and the incidence of rhabdomyolysis...

Antiepileptic drug interactions. Part 1: Mutual interactions between antiepileptic drugs

Blanka Kořístková, Milan Grundmann

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e)  

Pharmacokinetic interactions between antiepileptic drugs are associated with enzymatic induction or inhibition. Felbamate, clobazam, lamotrigine,stiripentol, and sulthiame are significant inhibitors. Felbamate increases the levels of clonazepam, lamotrigine, mesuximide, valproicacid, and the active S(+)-enantiomer vigabatrin. Clobazam increases the levels of stiripentol, carbamazepine, and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide.Stiripentol increases the levels of ethosuximide, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, clobazam and N-desmethylclobazam, primidone, andvalproate. Acetazolamide, felbamate, phenytoin, mesuximide, oxcarbazepine, rufinamide, and sulthiame increase...

Malnutrition in obese children

Zlatko Marinov, Hana Střítecká

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e)  

Currently, there is a pandemic of common obesity. In the last 25 years, there has been a tremendous increase in overweight, and commonobesity has become the most serious health problem of mankind today. In the surgeries of general paediatricians for children andadolescents, common paediatric obesity is the second largest group of chronic diseases with long-term metabolic changes, second only to allergic conditions. In the Czech Republic, approximately 10 % of children aged up to 16 years old have obesity, including 2/3 childrenwith complex metabolic changes and 1/4 with extreme obesity. Cardiometabolic sequelae are triggered and preserved by maladaptationprocesses...

Migalastat in the treatment of Fabry disease

Lubor Goláň

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e)  

Fabry disease is an inherited disease with multiorgan involvement. Until now the only specific therapy was intravenous enzyme replacement.In a short time a new oral therapy with migalastat is expected on our market. The medication is indicated only for treatment of certain mutationswith residual enzyme activity. It binds to the enzyme, stabilizes it and enhances its transportation to lysosomes. Results of clinical studiesare favourable and indicate that the new medication migalastat could significantly increase the quality of care of selected patients.

Effectiveness of marigold (Calendula officinalis, L.) in dermatology

Michaela Tuschlová, Jana Rudá-Kučerová

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e): e36-e41 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2017.050  

Marigold (Calendula officinalis) is a medical plant with wide use in medicine. The main indications of preparations containing marigold areburns, bruises and inflammatory skin diseases of various origin. The main attribute of marigold’s efficacy is an anti-inflammatory action thatpossesses among others also a protective effect against development of contact dermatitis. Equally important is its epithelizing feature usedfor support of wounds and ulcers healing. It seems to be beneficial especially in the healing of skin wounds. Furthermore, a hydroglycol extractof marigold is successfully used in the treatment of diabetic, venous ulcerations and...

Lékárnické dny dospěly do Kristových let

Pavel Grodza

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e): e42-e45  

Analysis of substances in historical pharmaceutical relics from museum collections

Karel Nesměrák

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e): e46-e52  

Research on the chemical composition of objects preserved in museum collections using methods of analytical chemistry could provide aninteresting picture to better understanding the purpose of those relicts. Thus, information on the technical skills and knowledge of our ancestorsis expanding. The paper presents a selection of works devoted to the analysis of historical pharmaceutical relics, dated from the earliesttimes to the 20th century. Four main themes leading to such analyses and their application in the history of pharmacy are shown.

E-verze 4/17

Prakt. Lékáren. 2017; 13(4e)