Slovo úvodem

PharmDr. MVDr. Vilma Vranová

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 155  

Thyroid disorders and pregnancy

Eliška Potluková

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 157-160  

Autoimmune thyroid diseases are very frequent in the population. In pregnancy, 5% of women suffer from reduced thyroid function and 10% have positive antibodies against thyroid antigens. If a woman does have reduced thyroid function, it is absolutely essential to start replacement therapy with levothyroxine as soon as possible. Therefore, the Czech Society of Endocrinology recommends screening of pregnant women for autoimmune thyroid disease as soon as possible after pregnancy confirmation. Nevertheless, this screening is not established as standard practice. However, sufficient iodine intake is crucial in all pregnant women. Iodine consumption...

Erectile dysfunction and interdisciplinary aspects of its treatment

Jaroslav Zvěřina

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 161-164  

Overview of contemporary opinions on the treatment of men with erectile dysfunctions is given. Erectile dysfunction is a psychosomatic unit. A synthesis of psychotherapeutical (sexotherapeutical) and biological approaches is therefore essential.

Allergic diseases of the eye

Helena Štrofová, Karel Sedláček, Magdalena Netuková, Jan Krásný

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 165-172  

Allergy symptoms that affect the eyes are common in adults and children worldwide, and are often associated with nasal allergy symptoms, prompting the term rhinoconjuctivitis to describe the condition. Allergy is common hypersensitivity disorder that affects 17 to 20 % of the population and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Itching is the hallmark symptom of ocular allergies.The categories of ocular allergic disease, diagnostics and primarily therapy are highlighted in this review article.

Principles of analgesic administration

Marek Hakl

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 173-176  

The mainstay of pain management is rational and sufficiently effective pharmacotherapy in the majority of cases. In order to choose the right strategy of pain management, the patient’s history is important, focused on pain duration, pain location and radiation, character of pain and its time course as well as factors affecting the course of pain. In the case of chronic pain management, a multimodal approach is frequently necessary in which effective pharmacotherapy is supplemented with physical therapy, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, or even alternative medicine procedures.

Current recomendations in the prevention and therapy of common respiratory infections

Ján Dindoš

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 177-181  

Respiratory infectious diseases are the most common reason, for which is comming patient not only into ambulance of general practitioner, but to pharmacy too. They are number one for as reason for sick leave and for mortality too. Last year they had 33 percentage from total number for sick leave.

Therapeutic nutrition in children

Eva Karásková, David Vydra, Mária Véghová-Velgáňová

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 182-186  

Children belong to the high-risk group for the development of malnutrition. Particular attention should be given to hospitalized patients, in whose malnutrition has serious consequences. The nutritional status is therefore required in pediatric patients to monitor and initiate timely nutritional support. In case of the functional digestive tract enteral nutrition is preferred. If digestive tract can not provide sufficient nutrition, parenteral nutrition should be implemented. Early initiation and correct management of nutritional intervention influence the successful development and growth of the child.

The pharmacist as an active member of the team caring of patients with osteoporosis - possibilities of intervention

Kateřina Ládová, Karel Macek, Josef Malý

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 187-191  

Osteoporosis is a chronic, systemic, and often asymptomatic disease. Although physician-specialists are involved in the treatment, it would be a big mistake to omit pharmacists. The pharmacist can contribute to the identification of patients at risk of fractures by revealing risk factors or drug-related problems, as well as provide advice on prevention and assist in patient education focused on adhering to the treatment plan. This may importantly influence the treatment outcomes and minimize potential risks of therapy, including the support of compliance. The aim of the paper is to outline possibilities of pharmaceutical care of patients with...

Phytoestrogens from red clover

Marie Kašparová

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 201-203  

Phytoestrogens are a diverse group of plant substances, mostly phenylpropanoid metabolism, which imitate the structure of animal estrogens and have different levels of estrogenic activity. The most active phytoestrogens are the isoflavones daidzein and genistein, especially. Also the isoflavones from red clover (Trifolium pratense L., Fabaceae) reduce menopausal symptoms and are relevant in the prevention of osteoporosis, cancer and cardiovascular disease.

New medicinal substances in extemporaneous prescription - miconazole and miconazole nitrate

Jan Hašek

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 192-195  

Miconazole is the second azole antifungal drug and the third specific antifungal agent in succession among the newly available pharmaceutical substances that are currently available for extemporaneous preparation in pharmacies. It has a fungistatic to fungicidal activity, acting even on gram-positive bacteria. The article deals with the pharmacotherapeutic and galenic properties of this substance. Attention is paid to formulas for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiases – hydrophilic gel with miconazole, and the treatment of dermatomycoses – hydrophilic creams, ointment. Technologically, miconazole and miconazole nitrate are...

Specific needs of vitamins in healthy pregnant and breast-feeding women, children and the elderly

Tereza Hendrychová, Josef Malý

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 196-200  

Different life periods are characterized with distinct specific needs of some vitamins. The aim of the paper was to give the basic overview about the appropriateness and the needs of the vitamin supplementation in chosen groups of people, respectively. Generally, vitamin supplementation is not necessary in healthy person with varied and balanced diet. But it should be recommended to supplement folic acid already before conception for pregnant and breast-feeding women. Increased intake of vitamin D and probably B6 is also required. When pregnancy gestosis occurs, supplementation of multivitamin preparations is recommended. In children from 2...

First Jewish pharmacists in Prague - part 1

Tomáš Arndt

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 204-205  

In this paper I decided to outline the problems of the unique existence of the very specific Jewish chemist’s shop – so called Judenapotheke in Prague, whose existence lasted in various forms since the Middle Ages to the end of the 19th century. Its exceptionality consisted in the fact, that it – by contrast to other chemist’s shops owned by the Czechs – was not controlled by the Medical Faculty of Prague University. Its activities were limited, because it could serve just only for Jewish doctors and patients. The last stage (the 18th and 19th centuries) in the existence of this chemist’s shop was very important....

Autodidaktický test 4/2013

Prakt. lékáren. 2013; 9(4-5): 206-207