Chceme být časopisem pro všechny farmaceuty

Pavel Grodza

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 127  

A current perspective on the pharmacotherapy of epilepsy

Tomáš Nežádal

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 140-146 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.029  

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder with a relatively good prognosis. Up to 65 % of patients have been seizure free on pharmacological treatment for a long time. The development of pharmacotherapy aims at more targeted treatment with a minimum of adverse events and interactions with other drugs. However, the choice of antiepileptic drug depends not only on the mechanism of action or effect on the specific seizure type or syndrome, but also on a number of patient-related factors, such as age, sex or the presence of comorbidities, especially psychiatric ones. Epilepsy treatment is long-term and often lifelong. However, about 35 % of patients remain...

Pharmacotherapy in reproductive medicine - the role of luteinizing hormone

Pavel Trávník

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 147-150 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.030  

The success of the assisted reproduction treatment depends mostly on the quality of obtained oocytes. Luteinizing hormone significantly impacts physiological processes in the ovarian follicle and in the oocyte oneself. Insufficient effect of the luteinizing hormone in the final phase of follicle maturation significantly reduces ratio of high-quality oocytes acquired using assisted reproduction. Hormone substitution by the recombinant preparation is recommended by the women with luteinizing hormone lowered sensitivity or production.

Haemorrhoidal disease or another problem?

Martin Kouda, Gabriela Kroupová

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 151-154 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.031  

A pharmacist is typically the first healthcare professional to be consulted by a patient with haemorrhoidal disease. In order to be able to advise accordingly, he or she should know how to communicate with such a patient. Acute perianal thrombosis and haemorrhoidal disease with all its four stages must be distinguished. It is also important to inquire about the bleeding and its character since it may be a manifestation of a more serious condition. Comprehensive management for haemorrhoidal disease includes topical treatment that must be chosen appropriately, with patient education on its administration. According to current recommendations, venoactive...

Probiotics and their use in treatment of gastrointestinal disorders

Vít Navrátil

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 156-159 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.032  

Probiotics are agents containing living microorganisms that could cause improvement of health condition of the recipient. Recently they are not only often advertised, but also studied regarding their effectiveness and safety. Probably the most-studied species are Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces and strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. Their effect is complex and include immunomodulation, suppression of pathogen growth and improvement of barrier function of the gut epithelium. They are used in a whole range of diseases and conditions, especially in gastroenterological indications. Nevertheless, scientific data regarding their...

Oily skin and acne - what to recommend in a pharmacy?

PharmDr. Miroslava Pavelková, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 170-174 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.035  

There is with acne a primarily oily type of skin. The recommended approach to oily skin and acne therefore overlaps. A common feature is targeting key factors (sebum overproduction, follicular hyperkeratinization, increased colonization of Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammation) that contribute to varying degrees in the acne´s pathogenesis. The role of professional staff at a pharmacy is to recommend how to properly care for oily/acne-prone skin and to advise in a selection of an appropriate (cosmetic) product, which must be irritant-free and without comedogenic substances.

Pharmacotherapy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Andreas Krüger

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): e3-e11  

Circulatory arrest is an extremely serious condition in which only a rapid and well-performed intervention of other persons can save a life. The procedures used to restore blood flow in cardiac arrest are referred to as cardiopulmonary resuscitation and include organizational measures, device or mechanical therapy as well as administration of selected drugs - pharmacotherapy. The present paper presents an overview of the basic medications used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and briefly describes the mechanisms of their action, evidence of their effect, and guidelines for their use.

Analgesics in neurology, their specific fealures and adverse effects

Dana Halbichová

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): e12-e23  

Each one of us has a lot of experience with pain management and painkillers, both professional and personal. The goal of this article is therefore to only point out what the specifics, advantages, risks and interactions of the representatives of individual groups are. It is not possible to encompass a complete summary of those - some of them are even not registered in the Czech Republic (flupirtine, nefopam) for pain management. In our country, methadon is a newly approved drug for the treatment of severe pain which cannot be influenced by non-narcotic painkillers. Co-analgetics are mentioned only peripherally, despite the fact that they are an inseparable...

Adverse effects of combination immunotherapy in renal cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma

Jindřich Kopecký, Ondřej Kubeček, Aneta Kyllarová, Peter Priester

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): e24-e34  

Over the last decade, immunotherapy has been implemented into therapeutic algorithms of various solid tumors including melanoma, renal cancer (RCC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors can be administered as both monotherapy or in combination with another checkpoint inhibitor. However, the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAE) becomes relevant in combined immunotherapy. The growing number of tumors being treated with immunotherapy rises a question whether there are differences across various tumors in terms of irAR incidence and severity. The aim of this article is to address these issues.

Personalised medicine in oncology - the role of the pharmacist

Vojtěch Ondra

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 160-162 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.033  

Molecular biology and genetics bring new understandings to the dynamics of the biology of tumors which allows better diagnostics and new targets for treatment. This article describes how is this knowledge used for the personalization of oncology treatment and the possible involvement of pharmacists.

Malá vzpomínka na kolegyni Marii Kubátovou

PharmDr. Pavel Grodza

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): e37  

Medical cannabis and its potential use in dermatology

PharmDr. Jaroslav Peč, Ph.D., Mgr. Dominika Kaczorová, Mgr. Tibor Béres, Ph.D., doc. RNDr. Petr Tarkowski, Ph.D., PharmDr. Jaroslav Matal, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 183-186  

Cannabis for medical use has been successfully incorporated into Czech clinical practice, especially in the fields of algesiology and neurology. Under the current legislation, medical cannabis can also be used in dermatology in the indication surface treatment of dermatoses and mucosal lesions. However, this use is so far neglected, mainly due to the lack of a standardized procedure for the preparation of dermal dosage forms in pharmacies and also due to the unavailability of standardized medicinal cannabis extracts, which are available abroad. However, influencing the endocannabinoid system topically at the skin level provides an interesting pharmacological...

Srovnání mléčného tuku kravského mléka a rostlinného tuku v kojenecké mléčné výživě a dopady na zdraví kojenců

RNDr. Pavel Ježek, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 192-193  

Acute respiratory infections - Symptomatic treatment of gough with a focus on erdosteine and immunomodulating strategies

Hana Kotolová

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 164-169 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.034  

Expert advice on non-serious acute respiratory infections is a common competence of a pharmacist. Respiratory infections are one of the most common infectious diseases affecting both children and adults. An acute cough is regularly accompanied by a respiratory infectious disease in the first days. In recent years, the palette of suitable medicines for self-treatment of cough has been expanded by erdosteine in the pharmaceutical form of granules for the preparation of a suspension. Erdosteine has a wide range of interesting pharmacological properties relevant for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Part of rational self-treatment is also the recommendation...

Classification and basic usage principles of preparations for hair care

Andrej Kováčik, Barbora Vraníková

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 176-182 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.036  

Hair and scalp care are among the daily hygiene rituals. There is a wide range of hair products on the Czech market designed for washing or adjustment of hair appearance. This article aims to introduce the basic categories of functional products for hair and scalp, in particular shampoos, conditioners, and hair tonics. The range of presented cosmetics is extended by medicinal preparations and medical devices utilized in the hair and scalp treatment. The review also provides practical advice for pharmacists and pharmaceutical assistants about hair products usage, as proper education of the patient/client by expending person increases the effectiveness...

Herbal medicines can reduce the use of antibiotics for acute respiratory infections

Andrea Skálová

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 187-190  

The duration of respiratory diseases is a frequent reason for the prescription of antibiotics. A recent study by the authors Martin, et al. (1) published in the journal Postgraduate Medicine (Impact Factor 4.379) observed whether the use of herbal medicines in the initial phase of acute lower and upper respiratory tract infections lead to a reduction in antibiotic consumption. The study also examined the effect of herbal medicine use for the duration of the disease. The following text summarizes the most important findings of this study.

Pharmacotherapy of nocturnal enuresis in children

PharmDr. Nikola Karasová, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): 180-187 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2022.028  

Nocturnal enuresis in children is classified as intermittent involuntary leakage of urine in a child older than 5 years. Most often it is a failure to wake up when the bladder is full. It may also be increased urine production due to insufficient nocturnal secretion of antidiuretic hormone. If bedwetting starts to occur due to psychological stress, it is a secondary enuresis. The nocturnal enuresis is a significant social handicap for the child and successful treatment leads to an increase in self-esteem and can prevent psychological problems. A comprehensive diagnosis is essential to rule out the possibility that it is a symptom of another disease....

Odešel prof. RNDr. Jaroslav Květina, DrSc., Dr.h.c., vědec, učitel, zakladatel

prof. PharmDr. Martin Doležal, Ph.D.

Prakt. lékáren. 2022; 18(3): e35-e36